Incoloy 825 Sheet ASTM Standards and Certifications Guide

Incoloy 825 sheet and plate are high-performance nickel-iron-chromium alloys known for their exceptional corrosion resistance in various aggressive environments. This comprehensive guide explores the ASTM standards and certifications governing Incoloy 825 sheet production, quality control, and testing procedures. Understanding these standards is crucial for engineers, procurement specialists, and manufacturers working with this versatile alloy in industries such as chemical processing, oil and gas, and marine applications.

Understanding Incoloy 825 Sheet Composition and Properties

Chemical Composition of Incoloy 825

Incoloy 825 is a nickel-iron-chromium alloy with added molybdenum, copper, and titanium. Its unique composition provides excellent resistance to both oxidizing and reducing environments. The typical chemical composition ranges are:

- Nickel: 38.0-46.0%

- Chromium: 19.5-23.5%

- Iron: 22.0% minimum

- Molybdenum: 2.5-3.5%

- Copper: 1.5-3.0%

- Titanium: 0.6-1.2%

Mechanical and Physical Properties

Incoloy 825 sheet exhibits impressive mechanical properties, including:

- Tensile Strength: 662 MPa (minimum)

- Yield Strength: 276 MPa (minimum)

- Elongation: 30% (minimum)

- Hardness: 79 HRB (maximum)

Its physical properties include a density of 8.14 g/cm³ and a melting range of 1350-1400°C.

Corrosion Resistance Characteristics

Incoloy 825 sheet demonstrates exceptional resistance to:

- Pitting and crevice corrosion

- Stress corrosion cracking

- Sulfuric and phosphoric acids

- Seawater and marine environments

- Oxidizing and reducing agents

ASTM Standards for Incoloy 825 Sheet Manufacturing and Testing

ASTM B424: Standard Specification for Incoloy 825 Sheet and Plate

ASTM B424 serves as the foundational specification for manufacturing and testing Incoloy 825 sheet and plate. It establishes the essential requirements for chemical composition, mechanical properties, and dimensional accuracy of both hot-rolled and cold-rolled forms. The standard specifies limits for nickel, chromium, molybdenum, and other alloying elements, while also defining minimum tensile and yield strengths, elongation values, and hardness ranges. Additionally, it provides allowable tolerances for thickness, width, and flatness, ensuring consistent quality and performance across production batches.

ASTM E8: Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials

ASTM E8 provides detailed guidance on the procedures for performing tensile testing on Incoloy 825 plate to determine its mechanical strength and ductility. The standard outlines proper specimen preparation, including dimensions and surface finish, to ensure test consistency. It also covers equipment calibration, test speed, and data collection for accurate measurement of tensile and yield strengths, as well as elongation. Results obtained under ASTM E8 help verify that Incoloy 825 meets the mechanical performance requirements specified in ASTM B424 and customer specifications.

ASTM E18: Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

ASTM E18 defines standardized procedures for measuring the Rockwell hardness of Incoloy 825 sheet, providing a reliable indication of its strength and wear resistance. The standard includes guidance on selecting the appropriate Rockwell scale based on material thickness and hardness range. It also specifies specimen preparation methods, machine calibration procedures, and proper load application to ensure reproducible results. The recorded hardness values are then interpreted and documented to confirm the material’s compliance with both ASTM and industry-specific hardness criteria.

Quality Control and Certification Processes for Incoloy 825 Sheet

Material Traceability and Documentation

Material traceability is a key aspect of quality assurance for Incoloy 825 sheets, ensuring accountability throughout the entire manufacturing process. Each batch is assigned a unique heat and lot number for identification, allowing precise tracking from raw material to finished product. Comprehensive production records and inspection logs are maintained to verify compliance with specifications. Additionally, Material Test Reports (MTRs) accompany every shipment, documenting chemical composition, mechanical properties, and test results to provide full transparency and guarantee product reliability.

Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) Methods

Non-destructive testing plays a vital role in confirming the structural integrity and surface quality of Incoloy 825 plates without causing damage. Ultrasonic testing is used to detect internal discontinuities, while eddy current testing identifies surface flaws and irregularities. Dye penetrant inspection is applied to reveal fine cracks or porosity on the surface, and X-ray fluorescence ensures the chemical composition meets required standards. Together, these NDT methods provide a comprehensive evaluation of the material’s soundness and consistency before final approval.

Third-Party Inspection and Certification

Third-party inspection and certification are essential steps in verifying that Incoloy 825 sheets conform to ASTM standards and specific customer requirements. Independent inspectors may witness mechanical, chemical, and NDT testing to confirm accuracy and consistency. They also review quality documentation, conduct visual and dimensional checks, and evaluate manufacturing records for compliance. Upon satisfactory completion, inspection certificates are issued, providing official validation of the material’s quality, integrity, and suitability for use in critical industrial applications.

Conclusion

Adherence to ASTM standards and rigorous quality control processes is essential for ensuring the reliability and performance of Incoloy 825 sheet in critical applications. By understanding these standards and certifications, industry professionals can make informed decisions when specifying, procuring, or working with this versatile alloy. As corrosion-resistant materials continue to play a vital role in various industries, the importance of maintaining and updating these standards cannot be overstated.

FAQs

What are the main applications for Incoloy 825 sheet?

Incoloy 825 sheet is commonly used in chemical processing equipment, oil and gas production, pollution control systems, and marine environments due to its excellent corrosion resistance.

How does Incoloy 825 compare to other corrosion-resistant alloys?

Incoloy 825 offers a balance of corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, making it suitable for a wide range of applications. It generally outperforms stainless steels in aggressive environments but may be less resistant than some higher nickel alloys in specific conditions.

What are the typical thickness ranges available for Incoloy 825 sheet?

Incoloy 825 sheet is commonly available in thicknesses ranging from 0.5mm to 6mm, with plate thicknesses extending up to 50mm or more. Custom thicknesses can often be produced to meet specific project requirements.

Why Choose TSM TECHNOLOGY for Your Incoloy 825 Sheet Needs?

TSM TECHNOLOGY is your trusted Incoloy 825 sheet manufacturer and supplier, offering premium-quality products that meet or exceed ASTM standards. With our state-of-the-art production facilities, rigorous quality control processes, and expert technical support, we ensure that your Incoloy 825 sheet requirements are met with precision and reliability. Our commitment to innovation and customer satisfaction makes us the ideal partner for your corrosion-resistant alloy needs. Contact us at info@tsmnialloy.com to discuss your Incoloy 825 sheet specifications and discover how we can support your projects.

References

ASTM International. (2020). ASTM B424-20: Standard Specification for Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu Alloy (UNS N08825 and UNS N08221) Plate, Sheet, and Strip. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International.

ASM International. (2018). ASM Handbook, Volume 2B: Properties and Selection of Aluminum Alloys. Materials Park, OH: ASM International.

Rebak, R. B. (2019). Corrosion of Non-Ferrous Alloys. I. Nickel, Cobalt, Copper, Zirconium and Titanium-Based Alloys. In Shreir's Corrosion (pp. 1011-1050). Elsevier.

Special Metals Corporation. (2021). INCOLOY® alloy 825 Technical Data Sheet. New Hartford, NY: Special Metals Corporation.

NACE International. (2018). Corrosion Control in the Refining Industry. Houston, TX: NACE International.

American Welding Society. (2019). AWS A5.14/A5.14M:2019, Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Bare Welding Electrodes and Rods. Miami, FL: American Welding Society.